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  Shutoff Pressure for Liquid Ring Vacuum Pump
  ±Û¾´ÀÌ : ÀåÇö¼ö   °íÀ¯ID : jddast     ³¯Â¥ : 15-08-11 23:35     Á¶È¸ : 9137    
¾È³çÇϼ¼¿ä. ¶Ç ¿À·§¸¸¿¡ Áú¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. È­°øÀïÀÌ´Â °øºÎ¸¦ Çϸé ÇÒ ¼ö·Ï ¾Æ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¸¹¾ÆÁö´Â°Ô ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ¸ð¸£´Â °ÍÀ» ´õ ¹ß°ßÇÏ´Â µíÇÑ ´À³¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

À̹ø¿¡´Â Liquid RIng Vacuum Pump (LRVP)¿¡ °üÇÑ Áú¹®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. LRVP ÈÄ´Ü¿¡´Â Ç×»ó Separator°¡ ¼³Ä¡µË´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ separator top vapor lineÀÌ ¸·ÇûÀ»¶§¸¦ °í·ÁÇÑ PSV ÇÊ¿ä¿©ºÎ¿¡ ´ëÇØ °í¹ÎÀÔ´Ï´Ù. Vapor lineÀÌ ¸·È÷¸é ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ Áõ°¡ÇÒ °ÍÀε¥,, LRVP°¡ ¾ó¸¸Å­ ¾Ð·Â»ó½ÂÀ» ÃÊ·¡ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÂÁö°¡ °ü°ÇÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÏ¹Ý ÆßÇÁ°î¼±°ú ´Ù¸£°Ô ÁÖ·Î vendor¿¡°Ô ¹ÞÀ¸¸é Inlet Pressure vs Flowrate °î¼±À¸·Î ¹Þ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Á¤º¸·Î´Â ¾Ë ¼ö°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.

¿©±âÀú±â reference plant¸¦ º¸´Ï PSV°¡ ¼³Ä¡µÈ °÷Àº °ÅÀÇ ¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¸´Ù¸é LRVP´Â °í¾ÐÀ» ³¾ ¼ö ¾ø´Ù¶ó´Â °á·Ð¿¡ À̸£°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥ ¿©±â¿¡µµ Àǹ®Á¡ÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ Vacuum pump vendor¿¡°Ô ¹®ÀÇÇß´õ´Ï

'ÀÚ±âµé Á¦Ç° LRVPÀº °ÅÀÇ MAWP°¡ 2bargÀÌ°í, vapor lineÀÌ ¸·È÷¸é rapid pressure rise°¡ ÀϾ°Ô µÇÁö¸¸ ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ ¿À¸£±âÀü¿¡ pump°¡ ¸ÕÀú ¸Á°¡Á®¼­ ¾Ð·ÂÀ» ¿Ã¸®Áö ¸øÇÑ´Ù. °í·Î Vapor lineÀÌ ¹«Á¶°Ç ¸·È÷Áö ¾Ê°Ô ÇؾßÇϸç ÀÌ ¶§¹®¿¡ Back pressure recylce valve¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ» ±ÇÀåÇÑ´Ù' ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Q1) ¿ì¼±Àº ½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» ¹«½ÃÇÏ°í LRVPÀÇ °íÀ¯Æ¯¼ºÀ» ¾Ë°í ½Í½À´Ï´Ù. ¾î¶»°Ô º¸¸é Centrifugal À̱⿡ ºñ½ÁÇÑ Æ¯¼ºÀ» °¡Á® Shutoff or Surge°¡ ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀ»±î ÆÇ´ÜÀÌ µÇ´Âµ¥ Á¦ »ý°¢ÀÌ ¸Â´ÂÁö °í°ß ºÎŹ µå¸³´Ï´Ù.

Q2) Vendor recommendationÀÎ recycle valve´Â instrumentationÀ¸·Î PSV design ±âÁØÀ¸·Î´Â creditÀ» ÁÙ ¼ö°¡ ¾ø´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¹°·Ð HIPS or SIS°¡ Àû¿ëÀÌ µÈ´Ù¸é ´Ù¸£°ÚÁö¸¸ ¿ä·± Á¶¸¸ÇÑ°É·Î Àû¿ëÇÏ´Â °Ç ¾Æ´Ñ°Í °°½À´Ï´Ù. À§ Q1ó·³ LRVPÀÇ overpressure scenario°¡ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù¸é ¿Ö ¸¹Àº plant¿¡¼­ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â °ÍÀÎÁö?

Q3) ¿©·¯¹ø °í¹ÎÀ» ÇغÁµµ ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ Separator vapor line¿¡ pressure control valve°¡ ´Þ·ÁÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ°í (ÃÖ¼ÒÇÑ Manual valve¶óµµ) ÀÌ failure¿¡ ÀÇÇØ overpressure°¡ ¸í¹éÇѵ¥,,, API681¿¡ µû¸£¸é All possible equipment failure¿¡ ´ëÇØ PSVµµ °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù¶ó°í ³ª¿Í ÀÖÀ¸¸é¼­µµ Appendix D Schematic drawingÀ» º¸¸é PSV´Â optionalÀÔ´Ï´Ù. À̰͸¸ º»´Ù¸é LRVP´Â Overpressure¸¦ ¹ß»ý½ÃÅ°Áö ¾Ê´Â Ư¼ºÀ̶ó°í ½Ã»çÇÏ´Â °Í °°Àºµ¥ Vendor¸»ÀÌ Æ²¸° °ÍÀϱî¿ä?

°á±¹ Q1¹ø LRVP °íÀ¯ Ư¼º¸¸ ÆľÇÀÌ µÇ¸é ´Ù Ç®¸± ¹®Á¦ ÀÎ°Í °°Àºµ¥,, ¾Æ½ÃºÐ °è½Ã¸é ´äº¯ ºÎŹ µå¸³´Ï´Ù.




Stefano    15-08-12 12:18
(A1) LRVP´Â ¿ø½ÉÆßÇÁó·³ º¸ÀÌÁö¸¸ Positive Displacement CompressorÀÔ´Ï´Ù.  µû¶ó¼­ ¿ø½ÉÆßÇÁ³ª ¾ÐÃàÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ¼º´É°î¼±À» ³ªÅ¸³»Áö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.  LRVPÀÇ ¼º´ÉµµÇ¥¶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù¸é Áø°øµµ¿Í Seal Liquid ¿Âµµ¿¡ µû¸¥ ½ÇÁ¦ÀÇ ¹èÃâ°¡½º¿ë·®À» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â µµÇ¥¸¦ ÀǹÌÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 

º¸Åë Áø°øÆßÇÁÀÇ ¹èÃⱸ´Â ´ë±âÁßÀ¸·Î ¹æÃâÇϵµ·Ï Çϰųª À¯ÇØ°¡½º°¡ Æ÷ÇԵǾî ÀÖ´Â °æ¿ì¶ó¸é Scrubber µîÀ» ÅëÇØ ¹èÃâÇϵµ·Ï µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.  ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ Áø°øÆßÇÁÀÇ ¹èÃⱸ¸¦ ¸·°Ô µÇ¸é ÈíÀÔÃø¿¡¼­ »¡¾Æµå¸° °¡½º¸¦ ¹èÃⱸÃø¿¡ ´©ÀûµÇ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ »ó½ÂÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥ ¸¸ÀÏ À̸¦ ¹èÃâÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì d(PV)/dt °ªÀÌ ¸ðÅÍÀÇ Çã¿ëµ¿·ÂÀ» ÃÊ°úÇÏ¿© ¸ðÅÍÀü¿øÀÌ Á¤ÁöµÇ°Å³ª ¹èÃâÃø ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ Çã¿ë¾Ð·ÂÀ» ÃÊ°úÇÏ¿© ÆļյǴ Çö»óÀÌ ³ªÅ¸³ª°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 

¹èÃⱸ ÃøÀÌ ¸·Èú ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í »ý°¢µÇ¸é PSV¸¦ ´Þ¾ÆµÎ¾î ¹èÃâÇϵµ·Ï Çϰųª ÈíÀÔ±¸ ÃøÀ¸·Î µÇµ¹·ÁÁÙ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ°ÚÁö¿ä.
PSVµµ ´Þ·ÁÀÖÁö ¾Ê°í Bypass¸¦ ¿­¾îµÎÁöµµ ¾ÊÀº »óÅ¿¡¼­ Áø°ø¹èÃⱸ¸¦ ´Ý¾Æ¹ö¸®¸é Áø°øÆßÇÁÀÇ µ¿·ÂÀÌ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ¿© Motor °ø±Þ°úÀü·ù Â÷´Ü±â°¡ ¸ÕÀú µ¿ÀÛÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ´ëºÎºÐÀÔ´Ï´Ù. 

(A2) Recycle Valve´Â Áø°ø¹èÃⱸ¸¦ ´Ý±â Àü¿¡ °¡½º¸¦ ¼øȯÇϰųª Áø°øÆßÇÁ Ãʱâ±âµ¿ ½Ã ¹«ºÎÇÏ ¿îÀü¿ëÀ¸·Îµµ »ç¿ëÇϱ⿡ Àû´çÇÕ´Ï´Ù.  Áø°ø¹èÃⱸ Ãø¿¡ Block ¹ëºê°¡ ´Þ·ÁÀÖ´Ù°í Çصµ Áø°øÆßÇÁ¸¦ ²ô±â Àü¿¡´Â ¿©´ÝÀ» ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø±â ¶§¹®¿¡ ±»ÀÌ PSV¸¦ ´Þ¾îµÑ ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø´Ù°í º¾´Ï´Ù.  Block Valve ¿Ü¿¡ ¹èÃⱸÃø Check Valve, Áø°øÆßÇÁ Bypass Valve, Motor °úºÎÇÏ Switch¸¦ °®Ãß°í  Áø°øPumpÀÇ Operation ManualÀ» ÀÍÈ÷°í ÀÛ¾÷ÀÚ°¡ À̸¦ µû¸£°í ÀÖ´Ù¸é PSV´Â ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö¿ä. 

(A3) (Vacuum) Pressure Control Valve´Â Separator¿¡ ´Þ·ÁÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í Vacuum Pump Suction ȤÀº Bypass Line¿¡ ´Þ·ÁÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.  Vacuum Pump Trip System°ú Control Valve Failure°¡ µ¿½Ã¿¡ °íÀ峪´Â »óȲÀº 2ÁßÀ§Çè»óȲ¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÑ´Ù°í º¾´Ï´Ù. 

OptionalÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀº ¾ÈºÙ¿©µµ µÈ´Ù´Â ÀǹÌÀÔ´Ï´Ù.  Vendor°¡ Vacuum Discharge Valve°¡ ´ÝÇûÀ» ¶§ Over Pressure°¡ ³ªÅ¸³ªÁö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó´Â °ÍÀ» ÁÖÀåÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í

¨ç ¹«Åδë°í Vacuum Pump Discharge Valve¸¦ ´Ý¾Æ¹ö¸®´Â ¿îÀüÀ» ÇÒ »ç¶÷Àº ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ°í,
¨è Vacuum Pump ¿îÀüÀÚ´Â ¾Ð·ÂÁ¶Àý±â ÀÌ»ó ½Ã Á¶Ä¡ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇØ Á¶Ä¡ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¾Ë°í ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ°í,
¨é Vacuum Pump³ª Control Valve °íÀå ½Ã¶ó°í Çصµ Pump Motor Over-current Trip Switch´Â ´ç¿¬È÷ ´Þ·ÁÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡ (°ÅÃßÀ彺·¯¿î) PSV¸¦ ´Þ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø´Ù°í ÃßõÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.  ¸Â´Â ¸»ÀÌÁö¿ä.
ÀåÇö¼ö jddast   15-08-12 16:38
´äº¯ °¨»çÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

QA1) Positive displacement Ư¼ºÀ̶ó¸é vendorÀÇ ¸»´ë·Î sudden pressure rise°¡ °¡´ÉÇϰڳ׿ä. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î ASME¿¡ ÀÇÇØ positive displacement´Â internal/external PSV¸¦ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ ÇÏ°Ô µÇ´Âµ¥ ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº ¸Æ¶ôÀÌ ¾Æ´ÑÁö ±Ã±ÝÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

QA2) ÇöÀç ÀúÈñ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº ¸»¾¸ÇϽŴë·Î Motor Power Switch, Recycle Suc. Pressure Control valve, Separator Pressure Control valve, N2 Padding Regulator, Emergency On/Off block valves (ÀÔÃⱸ °¢°¢)°¡ ´Ù ÀåÂøµÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀúÈñ »ç¾÷ÁÖ´Â Safety¿¡ Á×°í Safety¿¡ »ç´Â »ç¶÷µéÀ̶ó ¼÷·ÃµÈ Operatorµµ ½Ç¼öÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°í,, °¢Á¾ Alarm, Trip, OMµî 2Áß 3Áß ¿¡¿ö½Îµµ PSV ¼³Ä¡¸¦ ±ÇÀåÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù (»ç½Ç °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î OperatorµéÀº °¢Á¾ bench test ¹× Regular inspectionÀ¸·Î ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» °Í °°Áö¸¸,,).

ÀÌ·± »óȲ¿¡¼­ Separator PV ¶Ç´Â On/OFF valve°¡ mal-fuctionÀ¸·Î ´ÝÈ÷°Ô µÇ´Â ½Ã³ª¸®¿À¿¡¼­,, Reclyce valve°¡ ¿òÁ÷À̰ųª Motor °úºÎÇÏ·Î ÀÎÇÑ tripÁ¶°ÇÀÌ mitigationÀÇ ¹æÆíÀÌ µÇ°ÚÀ¸³ª »ç¾÷ÁÖ´Â PSV¸¦ ¼³Ä¡Ç϶ó°í ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áï, ¾î¶°ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýµµ (SIS,HIPSÁ¦¿ÜÇÏ°í) LRVP°¡ downstream equipment MAWP¸¦ ÃÊ°ú½ÃÅ°Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í Áõ¸íÇϰųª PSV¸¦ ´ÞÁö ¾Ê´ÂÇÑ SafetyÇÏ´Ù°í º¼¼ö ¾ø´Ù¶ó´Â °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. »ç½Ç PSV¸¦ ´Ù´Â °ÍÀº Å« ¹®Á¦°¡ µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ¸³ª °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î ±Ã±ÝÇؼ­ ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¾ÕÀ¸·Î °°Àº »óȲÀÌ ¿À¸é ¾î¶»°Ô designÀ» ÇؾßÇÏ´ÂÁö Á¤¸³ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °Í °°¾Æ¼­¿ä.

QA3) 3¹ø Áú¹®À» ¾²´Ùº¸´Ï ½ºÅ×Æijë´Ô²²¼­ Double Jeopardy¸¦ ¼³¸íÇϼ̳׿ä. ±×·¸´Ù¸é µ¿½Ã¿¡ µÎ ¶óÀÎÀÌ ¸·È÷´Â °ÍÀº API double jeopardy¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ̱⿡,, Vapor line block½Ã¿¡ Recycle valve°¡ LRVPÀÇ Full range cover°¡ °¡´ÉÇÑÁö¸¸ Áõ¸íÇÏ¸é µÇ´Â °Í °°¾Æº¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

±×·¸´Ù¸é Ãß°¡ Àǹ®Á¡ÀÌ ¶Ç ¹ß»ýÇϴµ¥¿ä. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ³í¸®·Î ÁøÇàÀ̵Ǹé Centrigual pump shutoff´Â downstream back pressureÁõ°¡·Î ÀÎÇÑ sudden pressure rise¸¦ ¶æÇÏ´Â °ÍÀε¥,, À̶§ recylce line (continuousµçÁö intermittantµçÁö)ÀÌ Çü¼ºÀÌ µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö¸¸ shutoff designÀ» °í·ÁÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á¦ »ý°¢À¸·Î´Â ±× ÀÌÀ¯°¡ ¼ø°£ÀûÀÎ pressure peak°¡ ÀϾ°Ô µÇ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ double jeoperdy·Î (downsteam valve closed¿Í recycle valve closed) º¸Áö ¾Ê±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ°¡ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
 
PSV analysis´Â ÄÚ¿¡°É¸é ÄÚ°ÉÀÌ ±Í¿¡ °É¸é ±Í°ÉÀÌ °°¾Æº¸À̴µ¥,, ÀÌ °ÅÃßÀ彺·¯¿î PSV´Â ¾î¶²°ÍÀÌ Çö¸íÇÑÁö ÀÇ°ß ºÎŹ µå¸³´Ï´Ù.
½ºÅ×Æijë Stefano   15-08-12 18:55
(AA1, AA2) Block Valve¿¡ "LO"¶ó°í Ç¥½ÃÇØ µÎ°í Authorized Person ¾Æ´Ï¸é ¿­ ¼ö ¾øµµ·Ï ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Çö¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù.  ÇÊÀÚÀÇ °æÇèÀ¸·Îµµ Áø°øÆßÇÁ ÈÄ´Ü¿¡ PSV Valve¸¦ ºÎÂøÇÏ´Â SystemÀº ±¹³»¿Ü Procect¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ¿© Çѹøµµ º»ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.

PSV¸¸ ¹ÏÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ°í Authorized PersonÁ¶Â÷ ¸ø¹Ï´Â °æ¿ì¶ó¸é.. °øÀå ´Ý°í »ç¾÷µµ Á¢¾î¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

(°ÅÀÇ ÇÊ¿ä¾øÁö¸¸..) ±×·¡µµ PSV¸¦ ºÎÂøÇÏ°Ú´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù¸é Vacuum PumpÀÇ ÃÖ´ë ¿ë·®ÀÌ Ãʱâ½Ãµ¿ ½Ã Áï ´ë±â¾Ð¿¡¼­ Áø°øÆßÇÁ°¡ Ç°¾î³»´Â ¿ë·®ÀÌ °¡Àå Å« ¿ë·®ÀÌ µÇ±â ¶§¹®¿¡ À̸¦ ¹èÃâÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¿ë·®ÀÇ PSV¸¦ "»ç¾÷ÁÖ"ÀÇ Ãß°¡ºñ¿ëÀ¸·Î ´Þµµ·Ï Çϼ¼¿ä.

(AA3) »ç½Ç Motor Overload Trip Switch °íÀåÀ» ÇϳªÀÇ Jeopardy·Î º¸´Â °æ¿ì´Â ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.  ´ÜÁö (¾ÆÁÖ 5~60³â´ë ÂëÀÇ ¿À·£ ¿¹Àü¿¡) ¸ðŸ ¼Ò¼ÕÀÌ º¸È£µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â Switch¸¦ ´Þ¾ÒÀ» ¶§ÀÇ ¾ê±âÁö¿ä.  ÇÊÀÚ ¼³¸íÀº Discharge Valve¸¦ ´ÝÀ» ¿ì·Áµµ ¾ø°í ´Ù¸¥ ³ª»Û »çÁ¤µµ ³ªÅ¸³¯ ÀÏÀÌ ¾ø´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» °­Á¶ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÒ »ÓÀ̾ú½À´Ï´Ù.  Discharge Valve°¡ ´ÝÈ÷ÀÚ ¸¶ÀÚ Recycle Valve¸¦ ¿­¾îÁشٰí Çصµ ±× ¹ëºê°¡ °íÀåÀ̶ó¸é ¾µ¸ð°¡ ¾øÁö¿ä.  ¿ë·®Àº µûÁ®º¸³ª¸¶³ª ÇÑ ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù . 

"Centrifugal PumpÀÇ Shut-off" ´Â <downstream back pressureÁõ°¡·Î ÀÎÇÑ sudden pressure rise¸¦ ¶æÇÏ´Â °Í..>ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï°í <Centrifugal Pump Discharge Line¿¡ ¿¬°áµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â ÀåÄ¡ÀÇ ÈÄ´Ü¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ValveÀÇ °íÀåÀ¸·Î Ãⱸ°¡ ¸·ÇûÀ» ¶§ ±× ÈÄ´Ü¿¡ °É¸®´Â ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ Centrifugal Pump°¡ ´ÝÇûÀ» ¶§ °É¸®´Â ÃÖ°í ¾Ð·Â±îÁö °É¸°´Ù>´Â ÁÖÁ¦¿¡¼­ "ÃÖ°í¾Ð·Â"À» ¾ð±ÞÇÒ ¶§ ÁÖ·Î »ç¿ëÇÕ´Ï´Ù. 

µû¶ó¼­ Centrifugal PumpÀÇ Shut-off½Ã °í·Á»çÇ×Àº ¨ÍPumpÀÇ Cavitation ¹æÁö ¸ñÀûÀÇ Minimum Bypass Flow LineÀÌ °í·ÁµÇ¾î ÀÖ´Â °¡¿Í ¨ÎMax Discharge Pressure¸¦ Dounstream EquipmentÀÇ ¼³°è¾Ð·ÂÀ¸·Î °í·ÁÇÏ°í Àִ°¡ ÀÌµé µÎ°¡Áö ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

Á¾ÇÕÀûÀÎ °á·ÐÀº...ÇÊÀÚ°¡ (AA1, AA2)¿¡ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ »çÇ×À» µû¸£¸é µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ÀåÇö¼ö jddast   15-08-12 20:58
°è¼Ó ±Ã±ÝÁõÀÌ Ç®¸®Áö ¾Ê¾Æ Á˼ÛÇÕ´Ï´Ù.

QAA1,2) Lock Open ¶Ç´Â Car Seal OpenÀº ½Ç¼ö¸¦ ¿øõÂ÷´ÜÇÏ´Â È¿°ú·Î Àý´ë ´ÝÈ÷Áö ¾Ê´Ù¶ó°í º¼ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ±Ùµ¥ ÀÌ´Â manual valve¿¡ Àû¿ëµÇ´Â »çÇ×ÀÌ°í, Remote-controlled valve (Pressure Control Valve or Automatic On/Off valve)¿¡¼­´Â Àû¿ëÀÌ ºÒ°¡ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ Automatic valveÀÇ mal-fuctionÀÎ °æ¿ì Áï scenario ÀÚü¸¦ ¿øõ Â÷´ÜÀº ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ °Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.

¶ÇÇÑ API 521 6th 4.2.4 Latent Failures ÄÁ¼ÁÀ¸·Îº¸¸é Pressure control valve failure½Ã¿¡ Recycle valveÀÇ È¿°ú´Â ¾ø´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î °í·ÁÇÏ°Ô µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.

[Quoted] It is not double jeopardy to assume the absence of beneficial instrumentation response in combination with a unrelated overpressure cause. [Unquoted]

Àúµµ ¿©·¯ ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¸¦ ã¾Æº¸¾ÒÁö¸¸ ´Þ·ÁÀÖ´Â °÷ÀÌ ¾ø¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.

QAA3) Scenario¸¦ ÇÇÇÒ ¼ö¾ø´Ù¸é º¸È£ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ ÀÖ¾î¾ß Çϴµ¥,, LRVPÀÇ ÃÖ´ë°¡´ÉÇÑ ÅäÃâ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ ¾ó¸¶ÀÎÁö´Â ¾Ë ¼ö°¡ ¾øÀ¸³ª (ÇöÀç LRVP MAWP 2barg) 2barg°¡ ³Ñ±âÀü¿¡ Motor trip ¶Ç´Â Motor tripÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é pump damage·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© ¾îÂîµÇ¾ú°Ç downstream¿¡ overpressure°¡ µÇ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ ¾ø´Ù¶ó°í ÆÇ´ÜÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù.

ÀÌ´Â API 521 6th 4.2.6 Role of Instrumentation in Overpressure Protection¿¡¼­ ¼³¸í³ª¿ÍÀÖµíÀÌ instrumentationÀº PSV¸¦ ´ë½ÅÇÏ¿© systemÀ» º¸È£ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î º¼ ¼ö°¡ ¾øÁö¸¸ PSV¼³Ä¡¸¦ Çصµ impracticalÇÑ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾ø´Ù¶ó°í ³ª¿Í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾ïÁö·Î ³¢¿ö¸ÂÃ纸ÀÚ¸é LRVP°¡ 2barg ÅäÃâÇϱâÀü¿¡ Motor tripÀ̳ª Pump failure(damage)·Î ÀÎÇØ overpressure¸¦ ÃÊ·¡ÇÏÁö´Â ¾Ê´Â´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ PSV¼³Ä¡°¡ impracticalÇÏ´Ù.

±×·¸´Ù¸é pump damage¸¦ ±×³É º¸°í¸¸ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀΰ¡?? Àǹ®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î PSV¸¦ ´Þ°í setÀ» 2barg (MAWP)·Î Çϸé ÇØ°áÀÌ µÉ °Í °°Àºµ¥,, ÀÌ¹Ì ¸¹Àº ÇÁ·ÎÁ§Æ®¿¡¼­ PSV°¡ ¾ø´Ù°í ÇÏ°í,, ½ºÅ×Æijë´Ôµµ ±×·± °æÇèÀÌ ¾ø´Ù°í ÇÏ½Ã´Ï Á¦°¡ ¹«¾ùÀ» À߸ø ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ°í ÀÖ´ÂÁö µµ¹«Áö ¸ð¸£°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.

Centrifugal Pump shutoff´Â ÀúÀÇ ¼³¸í¿¡ ¿ÀÇØ°¡ ÀÖ¾î°í Á¤Á¤ÇØÁֽŠ³»¿ë´ë·Î.. Valve °íÀåÀ¸·Î Back pressure°¡ ¹«ÇÑÁ¤ »ó½ÂÇÏ¿© (Pump range¸¦ ¹þ¾î³­) »óÅ¿¡¼­ÀÇ ¾Ð·ÂÀ» ¾Ö±âÇÏ°íÀÚ Çß´ø ³»¿ëÀÔ´Ï´Ù.  Á¦°¡ ¼³¸íÇÏ°íÀÚ Çß´ø ³»¿ëÀº,, valve°íÀåÀ¸·Î ¸·ÈûÀÌ ÀϾ´õ¶óµµ min. bypass flow lineÀ¸·Î flow°¡ Çü¼ºµÇ¸é À̷лó shutoff°¡ ÀϾÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª Engineering Practice·Î shutoff pressure¸¦ °í·ÁÇÏ´Â ÀÌÀ¯´Â ¼ø½Ä°£¿¡ ÀϾ±â¿¡ Min. bypass lineÀÌ ÃæºÐÈ÷ º¸È£ÇØ ÁÙ ¼ö ¾ø±â ¶§¹®ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ°¡ Çؼ­ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Stefano    15-08-13 09:47
AAA1,2) Vacuum Pump Separator ÈÄ´ÜÀÇ ÀÚµ¿¹ëºê °íÀåÀÌ ¿°·ÁµÇ¸é "Locked Open" ¼öµ¿¹ëºê·Î ±³Ã¼ÇÏ¸é µÉ °ÍÀÌ°í,  ¿ª·ù°¡ ¿°·ÁµÇ¸é Check Valve¸¦ µÎ¸é µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.  ±×·¡µµ Áø°ø¹èÃⱸ ºÎºÐÀÇ ¸·Èû¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¾Ð·ÂÀÌ »ó½ÂÇÒ ¿ì·Á°¡ ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÏ¸é »ó½ÂÇÏ´Â ÃÖ´ë ¾Ð·Â¿¡ ¹è°ü ¹× ±â±âÀÇ ¼³°è¾Ð·ÂÀ» ¸ÂÃß¾î µÎ¸é PSV´Â ÇÊ¿ä¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. 

ºÒÇÊ¿äÇÑ PSV¸¦ ´Þ¾Æ´Þ¶ó´Â Owner°¡ ÀÖ´Ù¸é... "±×ÀÇ µ·"À¸·Î ±×ÀÇ ÁÖ¹®À» µû¸£µµ·Ï Çϼ¼¿ä.. ±×¸®°í ÀÌ ÇѸ¶µð´Â µé·ÁÁÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ ÁÁ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.   

"µ¿Çؾȿ¡¼­ Á¤¾î¸®¸¦ Àâ´Âµ¥ ´ëÆ÷µ¿ ¹Ì»çÀÏÀ» ¹ß»çÇϵçÁö ¼­Çؾȿ¡¼­ ²É°Ô¸¦ Àâ´Âµ¥  µÕÆãÀ» µ¿¿øÇÏ´õ¶óµµ ¿ì¸®°¡ »ó°üÇÒ ÀÏÀº ¾Æ´ÏÁö¿ä.."¶ó°í

AAA3) LRVP°¡ »ó½Â½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÃÖ´ë ¾Ð·ÂÀº °£´ÜÈ÷.. ºÎÇÇÀ¯·®*¾Ð·ÂÀ» µ¿·ÂÀ¸·Î ȯ»êÇؼ­ ÀÌ °ªÀÌ ¸ðÅÍÀÇ Ãִ뵿·Â°ú °°´Ù°íº¸°í ¾Ð·ÂÀ» °è»êÇÏ¸é µË´Ï´Ù.  ÀÌ ÃÖ´ë¾Ð·Â¿¡ ¸ÂÃß¾î ±â±âÀåÄ¡¿Í ¹è°üÀÌ ¼³°èµÇ¾î ÀÖÀ¸¸é PSV°¡ ºÒ¿äÇÏ´Ù´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Õ¼± ¼³¸íÀÌ°í PSV¾øÀÌ LRVP MotorÀÇ °úÀü·ù Â÷´Ü±â ¿ë·®ÀÌ ³Ê¹« Å«°ÍÀ» ´Þ¾Æµ×°Å³ª °íÀ峪¼­ Trip µÇÁö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é °á±¹ Motor´Â °ú¿­·Î ÄÚÀÏÀÇ Àý¿¬ÀÌ Æı«µÇ°í ¸¿´Ï´Ù. 

LRVP ¹èÃⱸ¿¡ ÀÚµ¿Â÷´Ü ¹ëºê¸¦ ¾ø¾Ö°í Check Valve¿Í LO¼öµ¿¹ëºê¸¸ ´Þ¾ÆµÎ¸é LRVP ¹èÃⱸ Â÷´ÜÀ̶ó´Â ½Ã³ª¸®¿À´Â °í·ÁÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾øÁö¿ä.  ½Ã³ª¸®¿À ¾ø´Ù¸é PSV¶ó´Â "¹è¿ì(?)"´Â ¹«¿ëÁö¹°ÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù.

¸¸ÀÏ Áø°ø½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ °øÁ¤À¯´ÏÆ®¸¦ ÀÚµ¿¹ëºê·Î Â÷´ÜÇÏ°í ½Í´Ù¸é Fail Open ÀÚµ¿¹ëºê¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϵµ·Ï ÇÏ°í ´Ü¼øÈ÷ Manual Remote On-Off Valve¸¦ ´Þ¾ÆµÎ¾ú´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù¸é P&ID»ó¿¡ "ÀÌ Remote Valve´Â LRVPº¸È£¸¦ À§ÇØ ¹Ýµå½Ã Áø°øÆßÇÁ °¡µ¿½Ã¿¡´Â ¿©´ÝÁö ¸» °Í"À̶ó°í ¸í½ÃÇØ µÎ°í Operator¿¡°Ô ÁÖÁö ½ÃÅ°µµ·Ï ÇÏ°í ±×·¡µµ ºÒ¾ÈÇÏ´Ù¸é (À̰͵µ »çÁ·¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏÁö¸¸...)Áø°øÆßÇÁ°¡ ²¨Á³À» ¶§¸¸ Valve Á¶ÀÛÀÌ °¡´ÉÇϵµ·Ï InterlockÀ» ±¸¼ºÇØ¾ß µÉÁöµµ ¸ð¸£°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. 

"¾ÈÀüÀ» È®º¸ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº Ç×»ó "ºñ¿ë"À» µ¿¹ÝÇÏ´Â °ÍÀε¥ ¾î´À Á¤µµ "ÇÕ¸®Àû" ¼öÁØÀÇ "ºñ¿ëÁöºÒ"¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ½Ã½ºÅÛ ±¸¼ºÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °ÍÀÌÁö "¿Ïº®ÇÑ" ¾ÈÀüÀ» ±â´ëÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ºÒ°¡´ÉÇÑ ÀÏÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
¾ÆºÒ¶óºÒ¶ó hanaone11   15-08-13 23:51
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SeparatorÈÄ´Ü¿¡ ¹Ýµå½Ã PSV¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇؾßÇϴ°ÍÀ¸·Î Çã°¡ ±â°üÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ È®ÀÎ¹Þ°í ±ÞÇÏ°Ô ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¿´½À´Ï´Ù.
±×µéÀÇ ³í¸®´Â "separator°¡ ¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î ¾Ð·Â¿ë±â·Î ºÐ·ùµÇ¸é ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ºÒ¹®ÇÏ°í ¹«Á¶°Ç ±â±âº¸È£¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀåÄ¡°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÔ" À̾ú½À´Ï´Ù. (Code°¡ ¹Ù²î¾ú´ÂÁö´Â ¸ð¸£°Ú³×¿ä..)
Separator¿¡ Å©±â¿¡ µû¶ó ´Ù¸£°ÚÁö¸¸, ¾Æ¸¶µµ ¾Ð·Â¿ë±â·Î ºÐ·ùµÉ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ Å©°í ±×·¸´Ù¸é PSV¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇؾßÇÒ°Ì´Ï´Ù.  ±â°ü¿¡ ¹®ÀÇÇغ¸¼Å¼­ È®Àι޴°ÍÀÌ ¾Æ¸¶µµ Á¦ÀÏ ÁÁÀº ¹æ¹ýÀÏ°Í °°½À´Ï´Ù.
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Stefano    15-08-17 13:25
Vacuum Pump SeparatorÀÇ °æ¿ì ¿îÀü/¼³°è ¾Ð·Âµµ ³·°í ¿ë·®µµ ÀÛÀº °æ¿ì°¡ ´ëºÎºÐÀ̾ ºÎÂøÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
ÀåÇö¼ö jddast   15-08-17 16:17
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±×µéÀÇ ³í¸® "separator°¡ ¹ýÀûÀ¸·Î ¾Ð·Â¿ë±â·Î ºÐ·ùµÇ¸é ÀÌÀ¯¸¦ ºÒ¹®ÇÏ°í ¹«Á¶°Ç ±â±âº¸È£¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÀåÄ¡°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÔ"Àº  Âü ¿©·¯¹ø ¾÷ü³ª ±â°üÀ¸·Î ºÎÅÍ ¸¹ÀÌ µéÀº ¸»ÀÔ´Ï´Ù¸¸ µéÀ» ¼ö·Ï ¾îÀÌ°¡ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ASME certi¸¦ ¹Þ´Â ¾Ð·Â¿ë±â´Â ´ç¿¬È÷ ±â±âº¸È£ ÀåÄ¡°ËÅä°¡ ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¸ÂÁö¸¸ ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é (Áï, ½Ã½ºÅÛ »óÀ¸·Î º¸È£°¡ µÈ´Ù¸é = MAWP°¡ Max possible upset pressureº¸´Ù ³ô´Ù¸é) ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä·Î ¾ø´Âµ¥µµ ±×·¸°Ô ¾Ö±âÇÏ°ï ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ´Â ASME¿¡ Á¤ÀÇµÈ UG-140À¸·Î Á¤ÀÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÑ°¡Áö´Â ¹®±¸¸¸ ÀÏ°í Àüü¸¦ ÆÇ´ÜÇÑ »óȲÀ̶ó°í ÆÇ´ÜÀÌ µÇ³×¿ä.

¹°·Ð Çã°¡ ±â°ü ´ã´çÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¹®±¸ µé¸ÔÀ̸ç ÀÌÇؽÃÅ°°í ¼³µæÇÏ°í ¸¹Àº ½Ã°£°ú ³ë·ÂÀÌ ÇÊ¿ä·Î ÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ°í, ¶Ç ƯÈ÷ ±¹³»¿¡¼­´Â »ý·«/¿Ö°îµÈ ÇѱÛÆÇ ¹ø¿ªº»Äڵ带 µé°í ÇÑÁÙ¸¸ Àаí ÄÚ¸àÆ®¸¦ ÇÏ´Â »ýÆ®ÁýÀÏ ¼öµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÏ¿© Å«°ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó¸é ±×³É ´Þ¾ÆÁÖ´Â ÆíÀÌ ÆíÇÒÁöµµ ¸ð¸£Áö¿ä.
½ºÅ×Æijë Stefano   15-08-17 19:19
¿ì¸®³ª¶ó Çö½ÇÀÌ ÂüÀ¸·Î ¾ÈŸ±õ½À´Ï´Ù.  Á¤ºÎ´Â ±ÔÁ¦°³ÇõÀ» ¿ÜÄ¡°í ÀÖÁö¸¸ ½ÇÁ¦·Î ³ª»ÛÁþÀ» ÇÏ´Â °ø¹«¿øÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù¸é ÀÌŠÑÀ»  ÅðÃâ ½ÃÅ°´Â °Íµµ Æ÷ÇÔÇØ¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
Á¾ÇǸ® azzie   18-08-03 16:39
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